语言类型学与普遍语法特征

出版时间：2008-11  出版社：外语教学与研究出版社  作者：William Croft  页数：341  
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内容概要

本书系统介绍了研究语言类型学与语言共性的方法及理论，作者的分析由浅入深、条理清晰，行文深入浅出、简明扼要。同时，作者提供了大量音系学、形态学、句法学和语义学等领域内语言共性的例证，以加深读者对抽象理论的理解。与第一版相比，第二版在章节编排上多有调整，特别是增加了类型学研究的最新成果——语义地图模型，作者也从这个角度对旧版内容重新加以审视。

作者简介

William Croft：曼彻斯特大学语言学教授。

书籍目录

List offiguresList of tablesPreface to the second edilionpreface to the timeditionList ofabbreviationsList ofsymbols1 Introduction  1.1 Whatistypology?  1.2 Typology，universals and generative grammar  1.3 Cross-linguistic comparison　1.4 The problem ofcross linguistic comparability　1.5 Language sampling for cross-linguistic research　1.6 Data sources2 Typologicai classification　2.1 A cross-linguistically valid description of morphosyntactic structures　　2.1.1 Simple strategies　　2.1.2 Relational strategies　　2.1.3 Indexical strategies　　2.1.4 Classifiers：indexical or relational?　　2.1.5 More grammaticalized strategies　　2.1.6 Summary　2.2 What is being classified?　2.3 M0rphological typology3 Implicational universals and competing motivations　3.1 Restrictions on possible language types　3.2 Unrestricted and implicational universals　3.3 Competing motivations　3.4 Deeperexplanationsforwordorder and affixorderuniversals　3.5 Typology。universals and generative grammar revisited　3.6 Conclusion4 Grammatical categories：typological markedness economy and iconicity　4.1 Typological markedness　　4.1.1 Structural coding　　4.1.2 Behavioral potential　　4.1.3 Neutral value：not a criterion for typological markedness　4.2 Economy and iconicity　　4.2.1 Structural coding，economy and syntagmatic isomorphism　　4.2.2 Economy.paradigmatic isomorphism and polysemy　4.3 Frequency and deeper explanations for economy and iconicity　4.4 Typological asymmetries in word order and phonology　4.5 Conclusion5 Grammatical hierarchies and the semantic map model　5.1 Grammatical hierarchies and implicational universals　5.2 The animacy and definiteness hierarchies　5.3 A deeper explanation tbr hierarchies and categories：the semantic map model　5.4 Conceptual spaces.structural coding and behavioral potential　5.5 111e grammatical relations hierarchies　　5.5.1 The external definition of grammatical relations　　5.5.2 Subject and object，ergative and absolutive　　5.5.3 Objects：direct and indirect.primary and secondary　　5.5.4 T11e conceptual space for grammatical relations　5.6 Conclusion　Appendix：typological markedness patterns in grammatical categories6 Prototypes and the interaction of typological patterns　6.1 Interactions ofcategories　　6.1.1 Place of articulation　　6.1.2 Person　6.2 Interactions of values：typological prototypes　6.3 GrammaticaI relations　　6.3.1 Animacy，definiteness and participant roles　　6.3.2 Transitivity　　6.3.3 Deeper explanations for the typology of grammatical relations　6.4 Parts ofspeech　6.5 Other prototypes and markedness reversals　6 6 Conclusion7 Syntactic argumentation and syntactic structure in typology　7.1 Typology and syntactic argumentation　7.2 lconicity，economy and syntactic structure　7.2.1 Conceptual distance and constituent structure　　7.2 2 Syntactic and conceptual independence　　7.2.3 The encoding of objects and events　　7.2.4 Other universals of linguistic structure　7.3 Vypological conspiracies and communicative motivation　7.4 Conclusion8 Diachronic typology　8.1 The dynamicization of synchronic typology　8.2 From states to processes　8.3 Grammaticalization　　8.3.1 Phonological processes　　8.3.2 Morphosyntactic processes　　8.3.3 Functional processes　　8.3.4 Issues in grammaticalization　　8.3.5 Explanations for grammaticalization　　8.4 Inferring diachrony from synchrony　8.5 Conclusion9 Typology as an approach to language　9.1 Scientific approaches(research traditions)and linguistic theories　9.2 Thinking like a typologist　9.3 Description.explanation and generalization　9.4 Typology，the Saussurean dichotomies and the evolutionary modelList of referencesMap oflanguages citedAuthor indexLanguage indexSubiect index

用户评论 (总计8条)

•   结合激进构式语法看，结合类型学手册看
•   可作为语言学知识扩展的教材
•   写了很多评论，原来自己买了那么多书l.e。
•   好书，不过读起来有点累
•   非常好的书，类型学的经典，应当细看
•   原版英文书，Croft的代表作
•   这一版比前一版更具体,但难度也有所增加
•   有了它妈妈再也不用担心没有东西来催眠了