科技革命与中国的现代化

出版时间：2009-9  出版社：科学出版社  作者：中科院  页数：138  

前言

China's modernization is viewed as a transformative revolution in the human history of modernization. As such, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) decided to give higher priority to the research on the science and technology (S&T) roadmap for priority areas in Chinas modernization process. What is the purpose? And why is it? Is it a must? I think those are substantial and significant questions to start things forward.Significance of the Research on China's S&T Roadmap to 2050We are aware that the National Mid- and Long-term S&T Plan to 2020 has already been formed after two years' hard work by a panel of over 2000 experts and scholars brought together from all over China, chaired by Premier Wen Jiabao. This clearly shows that China has already had its S&T blueprint to 2020. Then, why did CAS conduct this research on Chinas S&T roadmap to 2050?

内容概要

This general report, sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, presents a pa-noramic scenario for Chinas modernization drive to 2050. It analyzes the evolution and laws governing the development of science and technology, describes the decisive impact of science and technology on the modernization process, predicts that the world is on the eve of an impending S&T revolution, and calls for China to be ful-ly prepared for this new round of S&T advancement. Based on its detailed study of the demands on S&T innovation in Chinas modernization, it draws a framework for eight basic and strategic systems of socio-economic development with the support of science and technology, works out Chinas S&T roadmaps for the relevant eight basic and strategic systems in line with Chinas reality, further details S&T initiatives of stra-tegic importance to Chinas modernization, and provides S&T decision-makers with comprehensive consultations for the development of S&T innovation consistent with Chinas reality. Supported by illustrations and tables of data, the general report pro-vides researchers, government officials and even entrepreneurs with guidance con-cerning research directions, the planning process, and investment. It also serves as a preamble for the eighteen detailed field-specific reports of the committees assigned to craft roadmaps for each sphere of development. 　　Founded in 1949, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is the nation's highest academic institution in the natural sciences. Its major responsibilities are to conduct research in basic and technological sciences, to undertake nationwide integrated surveys on natural resources and ecological environment, to provide the country with scientific data and consultations for government's decision-makings, to undertake government-assigned projects with regard to key S&T problems in the process of socio-economic development, to initiate personnel training, and to promote Chinas high-tech enter-prises through its active engagement in these areas.

书籍目录

Introduction 1 The World is at the Eve of a New S&T Revolution 　1.1 Modernization Calls for a New S&T Revolution 　1.2 Signs and Possible Directions of S&T Revolution 2 The New S&T Revolution Provides Historical Opportunities for China's Modernization 　2.1 China Must Be Fully Prepared for an Impending S&T Revolution 　2.2 New Demands on S&T Innovation in China's Modernization Process 3 China's Eight Basic and Strategic Systems for Socio-economic Development 　3.1 The System of Sustainable Energy and Resources 　3.2 The Green System of Advanced Materials and Intelligent Manufacturing 　3.3 The System of Ubiquitous Information Networking 　3.4 The System of Ecological and High-value Agriculture and Biological Industry 　3.5 The Generally Applicable Health Assurance System 　3.6 The Development System of Ecological and Environmental Conservation 　3.7 The Expanded System of Space and Ocean Exploration Capability 　3.8 The National and Public Security System 4 Twenty-two S&T Initiatives of Strategic Importance to China's Modernization 　4.1 Six S&T Initiatives of Strategic Importance to China's International Competitiveness 　4.2 Seven S&T Initiatives of Strategic Importance to China's Sustainability　4.3 Two S&T Initiatives of Strategic Importance to China's National and Public Security　4.4 Four Basic Science Initiatives Likely to Make Transformative Breakthroughs　　4.5 Three Emerging Initiatives of Cross-disciplinary and Cutting-edge Research5 S&T Innovation with Chinese Characteristics　5.1 Relying on Domestic Efforts and Effectively Integrating the Global Innovation Resources in Line with Opening to the Outside World　5.2 Assembling and Cultivating Talents via Innovation Practice in Line with the Principle of Putting People First　5.3 Integrating the Market's Primary Role and the Government's Macro-regulation in Line with China's Reality　5.4 Ensuring Division of Labor and Cooperation among Stakeholders in the National Innovation System in Line with Deepening Reform　5.5 Promoting Innovation through Management Innovation in Line with Integrated Planning

章节摘录

插图：In the meantime, we must be fully aware that Chinas innovation capacity and organizational mechanism are by far unable to address the challenge of a S&T revolution and the demand of modernization, as evidenced in the followings: The first is China's deficiency in science innovation. In some research areas likely to make transformative breakthroughs, China mainly follows the tracks of the advanced level. Hardly any landmark science problem and theory have been initiated or discovered by the Chinese. The second is that China is still under other powers' control in core technology. China still relies heavily on importing foreign technologies in many of its key industries. And it is slow in developing some leading strategic high technologies, which directly hinders the country's upgrading in industrial structure, the development of emerging industries and national security as well. The third is that the mode of developing science and technology with Chinese characteristics has not yet been taken shape, as science and technology have not been fully employed in the economic development. The existing macro management system in science and technology fundamentally holds back the initiatives of the institutions into full play within the national innovation system. The government guidance is sometimes alienated into "institutional interests", making it difficult to mobilize integrated resources to accomplish large undertakings. Market orientation is usually alienated into competition in disorder, instead of orderly competition and high-efficient cooperation. China is still deficient in its ability to make precise prediction of world S&T development and thus to work out foresighted plans to address the nation's long-term development. A matured set of policies and rules to effectively compete for and retain creative talents has not yet been formed. The vigor and autonomy of innovation team and the confidence and initiatives of creative talents are in need of further promotion.

编辑推荐

《Science & Technology in China:A Roadmap to 2050》：Strategic General Report of the Chinese Academy of Sciencs.