肌肉、骨骼与皮肤

出版时间：2003-9  出版社：上海世界图书出版公司  作者：second edition  页数：271  

内容概要

这个最新版本增加了许多有关皮肤系统的新内容。本书首先引领你学习肌肉、骨骼与皮肤的基础知识。每章都采用了整合形式，即将解剖学、胚胎学、组织学、生理学与药理学加以综合。然后概述了肌肉、骨骼与皮肤的基本病理学，并列举一些主要疾病及其主诉。第二部分则通过对现有肌肉、骨骼与皮肤主诉患者的临床分析，将基础知识与临床应用加以整合，包括肌肉、骨骼与皮肤最常见的主诉，如何采集病史、体检、与患者的沟通技巧及进一步的诊断方案。由选择题、简答题和问题题组成的第三部分则能让你在学完本课程以后评估你取得的进步和你的水平。

书籍目录

PrefaceAcknowledgementsDedicationPart 1:Basic Medical Science of Muscles,Bones and Skin 1. Musculoskeletal System—an overview 2. Skeletal Muscel 3. Cardiac and Smooth Muscle  4. Bone 5. Joints and Related Structures 6. The Functioning Musculoskeletal System 7. Skin 8. Disorders of the skinPart 2: Clinical Assessment 9. Common Presentations of Muscle,Bone and Skin Disease 10. History and Examination 11. Further lnvestigationsFart 3:Self-saaessmentIndex

章节摘录

　　Hypopigmentation Vitiligo Aetiology This is a common acquired idiopathic disorder thatleads to patchy, scaled macules （Plate 21）. There isan association with pernicious anaemia, thyroiddisease and Addison's disease, with about 30% of patients having a positive family history. The onset isusually between 10 and 30 years of age; the male:female ratio is　1:1, and it affects around 0.5% of thepopulation.Clinical featuresVitiligo may be precipitated by trauma or sunburn.The well-defined white macules are usuallysymmetrical, and frequently affect the hands, wrists,knees, neck and areas surrounding orifices.Complications As melanocytes are absent from lesions, care must betaken when skin is exposed to the sun.Management Camouflage cosmetics often prove unsatisfactory.Sunscreen helps to reduce the contrast betweentanned skin and patches of vitiligo and, in darkerskin, topical steroids may induce repigmentation.When vitiligo is nearly universal and very noticeable,induced depigmentation of remaining normal skincan be caused by 20% hydroquinone ointment.AlbinismAlbinism is an autosomal recessive disorder, which has a prevalence of 1 in 20 000. In this condition, melanocytes fail to synthesize melanin, leading to a lack of pigment in the skin. As well as the skin being pale, the hair is also white and the eye lacks pigmentation. Patients suffer from photophobia, nystagmus and poor sight. As the body has no protection against ultraviolet rays, the sun should be strictly avoided as the risk of squamous cell carcinoma is greatly increased.Phenylketonuria　This is an autosomal recessive metabolic defect. The enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine is　missing, which leads to the accumulation of　metabolites in the brain. If left untreated, mentalretardation and choreoathetosis occur. The hair and skin are fair because melanin synthesis is impaired.l addition, atopic eczema is common. Treatment is through a diet low in phenylalanine.　　……

编辑推荐

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