音系学通解

出版时间：2008  出版社：外语教学与研究出版社  作者：G. Gussenhoven,H. Jacobs  页数：284  
Tag标签：无  

前言

　　There are about 6000 languages in the world today．Almost certainly，no two of tham have the same sound structure：they vary widely in the number of consonants and VOW els they have，in their use of tonal contrasts，in their stress patterns，in the shape of their syllables，and so on．At the same time，all these languages show striking similarities in the way they structure their sound systems．Phonology is a thriving field of linguistic research that tries to understand the structure behind these systems．How do these similarities arise?Or again，why is there so much variation?How is our knowledge of the pronunciation of our language represented in our brain?How can we describe thepronunciation of a language?What do people do when they play language games?Why do loanwords often sound so totally different from the way they are pronounced in the donor language?These and many other questions are dealt with in this book．In our dis． cussion，we have tried to sketch the development of scientific thinking about the SOUnd　structure of languages and to take an unbiased view of the cognitive or physiological　nature of the explanations．We hope we have succeeded in this task in at least some　places in the book．and have got close enough to this ideal for it to serve as a reliable and relevant introduction to an important and exciting field．　An understanding of phonological theory is impossible without at least some　knowledge of the way speech is produced．Chapter 1 gives the basics of phonetics．It is　a background introductory chapter and so，unlike the other chapters，does not contain exercises．　The exercises are numbered consecutively through the book．A key is provided at the back．　In the interest of our students，we have not followed the otherwise commendable　practice of reporting data from the literature in their original transcriptions、but have used International Phonetic Alphabet(IPA)transcriptions(see P．16)throughout．We hope that not too much was lost in these translations．　　This book reflects the thoughts and discoveries of many phonologists．We have learnt to appreciate the value and implications of these theoretical positions not only　by reading their publications，but also by attending their classes and discussing the　issues with them．Needless to say，our debt to them is inestimable．However，we have　not iust attempted to present the materialin a coherent and accessible fashion，but　have at times included original data and analysas．

内容概要

　　本书是一部音系理论的教科书，这部教科介绍了以SPE（Cnomsky & Halle 1968）为代表的经典生成音系学至优选论几乎所有得要的音系学理论，讨论了音系学领域中许多热点问题，全书每一章都附的思考题和练习题，正文和红习题涉及一百多种语言的材料，作者精心安热排，突出重点，精选语言材料，行文简练，从而使一部二百多面的教科书包含了如此之多的内容。　　生成音系学是当代音系学的主流，这部教产书介绍的理论，基本概念和分析方法主要取之于生成音系学的研究成果。

书籍目录

Preface1　The production of speech　1.1  Introduction　1.2  The lungs and the larynx　　1.2.1  The vocal folds: the open and vibrating glottis     1.2.2  Devoicing and aspiration     1.2.3  Special types of phonation     1.2.4  Pitch     1.2.5  The glottal stop　1.3  The vocal tract     1.3.1  The pharynx     1.3.2  The nasal cavity     1.3.3  The mouth　1.4　Vowels　1.5  Constrictions     1.5.1  Places of articulation     1.5.2  Types of constriction　1.6  Segmental duration　1.7  Complex consonants      1.7.1  Secondary articulations      1.7.2  Double articulations      1.7.3  Manner-contourconsonants　1.8  Nonpulmonic consonants　1.9  Stress　1.10　Conclusion2　Some typology: sameness and difference　2.1  Introduction　2.2  Morphosyntactic structure     2.2.1  Morphologicalstructure     2.2.2  Syntactic structure　2.3  A world without phonological structure     2.3.l  One phonology for all languages?     2.3.2  Two kinds of structure　2.4　There's a difference　2.5　Universals and implicational relations　　2.5.1  Plain or special?　　2.5.2  Avoiding complexity　　2.5.3  A word of caution　　2.5.4  Speech ergonomics　　2.5.5  System gaps　2.6　Conclusion3　Making the form fit　3.1  Introduction　3.2  Hawaiian　3.3  Adjustment processes　　3.3.1 The process of nativization　　3.3.2  Adjustments in the native vocabulary　3.4  Two approaches　　3.4.1  Rules　　3.4.2  Constraints　3.5  Choosing between rules and constraints　　3.5.1  Gradient violation and unranked constraints　3.6  Conclusion4　Underlying and surface representations　4.1  Introduction　4.2  Allophonic variation　4.3  Two levels of representation　4.4  Neutralization　4.5  Choosing the underlying form　4.6  Conclusion5　Distinctive features　5.1  Introduction　5.2  Motivating distinctive features　5.3  Feature values　5.4  A set of distinctive features　　5.4.1  Major-class features　　5.4.2  Laryngeal features　　5.4.3  Manner features　　5.4.4  Ambiguity and nonspecification　5.5  Place features　　5.5.1  Labial　　5.5.2. Coronal　　5.5.3  Dorsal　　5.5.4  Radical　……6　Orderde rules7  A case study:the diminutive suffix in Dutch8  Levels of representation9  Representing tone10  Between the segment and the syllable11  Feature geometry12  Exploiting the feature tree13  Stress and feet14  Further constraining stress15  Phonology above the wordEpilogueKey to questionsReferencesLanguage indexSubject index

用户评论 (总计13条)

•   本书也是“当代语言学及应用语言学文库”收入的语言学著作。
  书中介绍了几乎有史以来诞生的全部音系学理论，是音系学入门的上佳教材。
  非常值得细细研读与收藏。
•   这本书在欧美大学也算风靡一时，这本书最大的优点是有联系，也有答案，这对于学习和巩固知识是非常有用的，而且这本书以不大的篇幅，以鸟瞰的姿态最整个西方主流音系学作了一个介绍，作为教材还有什么好说的。这本书的导读是南开大学外国学学院院长李兵教授撰写的，李兵是今年中国语言学书院核心课程之一的音系学的主讲老师，所以这本书应当是今年语言学书院的教材之一。
•   这本书作为音系学的研究生课程的教材，里面的术语需要慢慢适应，里面的大量例子还是很有帮助的，很系统的一本书，不错的经典教材。
•   书很好啊，不错，音系学研究必备的一本教材。就是比较难懂，需要慢慢啃
•   作为一个研究语音学、音系学的研究生，这本书真的很不错。
•   这本书非常值得读，南开大学是作为教材的，荷兰RaboudUniversityNijmegen大学音系学首席专家CarlosGussenhoven写得，他们的教材也是这个，非常hao!
•   实用而权威的音系学教材，英文原版，原汁原味。
•   音系学必看了
•   最好的音系学教材
•   这是我在英国上语言学研究生的教授推荐书目，国内居然引进了，比在英国买便宜多了去了
•   这个系列的书都挺不错，要仔细研读一下。
•   刚入手，还没有读，但是应该对论文有帮助！
•   还行，书店也是这种印刷