吸入钍尘对矿工健康的影响与防治措施系列研究

出版时间：2008-6  出版社：北京大学医学出版社  作者：陈兴安，程永娥 著  页数：135  

前言

This comprehensive study covers a wide range of investigations from the technical problem of setting up and improving the efficiency of a reliable system for assessing lung burdens of thorium by measuring the activity of thoron exhaled in the breath, through experimental studies in animals and in cultured ceils to haematological, biochemical and radiological and epidemiological investigations involving some3000 dust-exposed and 4000 non exposed miners. An important aspect of this study was the efforts made by the research team to encourage both the miners and the management to take an active interest in the work, and wherever appropriate during the period of the study, to use the results to directly improve health and safety procedures in the mine.

内容概要

本书主要内容包括呼出气中钍射气活度测量系统的建立及其应用、白云鄂博稀土铁矿接尘矿工肺内钍沉积量和周围血象的量效关系、白云鄂博稀土铁矿接尘矿工肺内钍沉积和肝功能的量效关系、白云鄂博稀土铁矿接尘矿工发生尘肺等非随机性效应的量效关系、白云鄂博稀土铁矿矿工肺癌死亡率的流行病学调查、呼吸道吸入二氧化钍和稀土矿尘的联合作用、二氧化钍从1名矿工肺内廓清的7年连续观察和分析以及综合性卫生防护措施和效果等。本书是英文版。

书籍目录

Chapter 1  Introduction  1.1 The purpose of this monograph  1.2 The six awards for the monograph  1.3 A description of the national award(2degree)  1.4 The conclusions verified by Ministry of Science and Technology  1.5 The international level of the monograph ReferencesChapter 2  The establishment of a portable high sensitivity exhaled thoron activity measurement system  2.1 Introduction  2.2 Uses  2.3 The improvement of this system as compared with that of the Argonne National l.aboratory(ANl)  2.4 The theory of our method  2.5 The equipment and instruments used in this method  2.6 The calibration process  2.7 The c011ection and measurement of exhaled thoron   2.8 The total error of the measurement result  2.9 The preliminary use and the assessment of our method  2.10 Conclusions  2.11 Appendix  ReferencesChapter 3  Investigation and assessment of the thorium lung burden of the miners at the Bayun Obo Rare-earth Iron Mine  3.1 Introduction  3.2 Sampling method  3.3 The measurement result of exhaled thoron activity  3.4 Conclusion    ReferencesChapter 4  Dose-effect relationship between the thorium lung burden and the blood counts of the miners at the Bayun Obo Rare-earth Iron Mine  4.1 Introduction  4.2  Methodology  4.3 Results  4.4 Discussion  4.5 Conclusion  ReferencesChapter 5   Dose-effect relationship between the thorium lung burden and the hepatic function of the miners at the Bayan Obo Rare-earth Iron Mine  5.1 Introduction  5.2 Methodology  5.3 Results  5.4 Discussion  5.5 Conclusions  ReferencesChapter 6  Dose-effect relationships between the incidence of pneumoconiosis and thorium-containing ore dusts in the Bayun Obo minersChapter 7  An epidemiological study of lung cancer mortality in miners at the Bayun Obo Rare-Earth Iron MineChapter 8  Combined effects of thorium dioxide and thorium- containing rare-earth iron dusts (Th-dusts)Chapter 9  An observation on the clearance of thorium dioxide from the lung of a minerChapter 10  Comprehensive health protection measures and its effects

章节摘录

It has been more than 40 years since the publication of Dr. R.E. Albert's monograph: "Thorium, Its Industrial Hygiene Aspects".The American scientist Dr James Stebbings and the Chinese scientists Professors Ye Gen yao, Fu Tie cheng and Xiong Bin kun proposed the publication of an updated monograph on the health effects ofinhaled thorium. Such a monograph should be very useful to expertain the fields of radiation health and radiation protection, environmental radiation surveillance, radiation clinical medicine and also to teacher sand students in the above-mentioned fields. Since the mid 1970s,the research group chaired by the first author of this monograph hascooperated with scientists from the Radiation Protection Depart ment of the Beijing Epidemic Prevention Station and the Hospital of theBayun Obo Rare Earth Iron Mine to carry out an investigation on the health effects of ndners and other workers inhaling thoriuIn containingrare-earth dusts in the Beijing Tong County Rare-Earth Refinery, theBeijing Roller Factory, the Beijing Fertilizer Factory and also in the Bayun Obo Rare-earth Iron Mine for 30 years.

媒体关注与评论

The book has been put together very thoughtfully and carefully and I'm sure your readers will appreciate the tremendous amount of effort you and your colleagues have put forth to conduct these careful studies over many years.-- Brues Boecker. Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute. U.S.A.  In this monograph, the results of 1158 measurements of exhaled thoron activity, About 10422 measurements of four peripheral blood and five hepatic function parameters, 1158 measurements of lung function test and X-ray radiograph on the miners were reported.——Tiecheng Fu. China Institute for Radiation Protection. China.  Thank you for forwarding me your paper on the long term health effects of exposure to Th and SiO2. I found the paper interesting. It is a land mark study.——Rogar O. McClellan. Toxicology and Human Health Risk Analysis. U.S.A  This series of investigations, which began in the mid-1970s, culminated in the first report showing that lung cancer can be induced in humans by inhalation of natural thorium dioxide in mine dust.--David MTaylor. Cardiff University. U.K.  I have just finished reading the last of the ten chapters in your monograph, all of which I found to be scholarly,clear, well written, and highly informative. Together, they present a well documented account of your long-term investigation of the health effects of inhaled thorium-containing dusts and thoron progeny. You and your associates are to be congratulated on the high quality of your work, which is of far-reaching importance to radiological protection and environmental health.——Arthur C. Upton. Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. U.S.A  The most invaluable finding in Professor Chen's study is it first discovered that either long-term inhalation of rare earth ore dusts containing thorium (carcinogens are SiO2 and ThO2) or inhaled ThO2 or thoron short-lived progeny could induce lung cancers in the exposed miners.——Nanshan Zhong. Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease. China.  

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《吸入钍尘对矿工健康的影响与防治措施系列研究》由北京大学医学出版社出版。