出版时间:2011-3 出版社:世界图书出版公司 作者:约翰·洛克 页数:211
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内容概要
《政府论》试图以自然法学说阐明国家的起源和本质问题。他从自然状态出发,批判封建集权制度,主张私有财产的不可侵犯、国家基于契约、立法权为最高权力、国家权力分立和人民有权反抗暴政等。洛克的《政府论》在资产阶级政治思想上曾产生很大的影响,也使他成为古典自由主义思想的集大成者。
书籍目录
1OF GOVERNMENT BOOK I
1.1CHAP.I
1.2CHAP.II.Of Paternal and Regal
Power
1.3CHAP.III.Of Adam's Title to Sovereignty
by Creation
1.4CHAP.IV.Of Adam's Title to Sovereignty
by Donation, Gen.i.28
1.5CHAP.V.Of Adam's Title to Sovereignty by
the Subjection of Eve
1.6CHAP.VI.Of Adam's Title to Sovereignty
by Fatherhood
1.7CHAP.VII.Of Fatherhood and Property
considered together as Fountains of Sovereignty.
1.8CHAP.VIII.Of the Conveyance of Adam's
sovereign Monarchical Power
1.9CHAP.IX.Of Monarchy, by Inheritance from
Adam
1.10CHAP.X.Of the Heir to Adam's
Monarchical Power
1.11CHAP.XI.Who Heir?
2OF CIVIL-GOVERNMENT BOOK II
2.1CHAP.I
2.2CHAP.II.Of the State of Nature
2.3CHAP.III.Of the State of War
2.4CHAP.IV.Of SLAVERY
2.5CHAP.V.Of PROPERTY
2.6CHAP.VI.Of Paternal Power
2.7CHAP.VII.Of Political or Civil
Society
2.8CHAP.VIII.Of the Beginning of Political
Societies
2.9CHAP.IX.Of the Ends of Political Society
and Government
2.10CHAP.X.Of the Forms of a
Common-wealth
2.11CHAP.XI.Of the Extent of the
Legislative Power
2.12CHAP.XII.Of the Legislative, Executive,
and Federative Power of the Common-wealth
2.13CHAP.XIII.Of the Subordination of the
Powers of the Commonwealth
2.14CHAP.XIV.Of PREROGATIVE
2.15CHAP.XV.Of Paternal, Political, and
Despotical Power, considered together
2.16CHAP.XVI.Of CONQUEST
2.17CHAP.XVII.Of USURPATION
2.18CHAP.XVIII.Of TYRANNY
2.19CHAP.XIX.Of the Dissolution of
Government
章节摘录
For either this right in nature, of Adam's heir, to be king over all the race of men, (for all together they make one multitude) is a right not necessary to the making of a lawful king, and so there may be lawful kings without it, and then kings titles and power depend not on it; or else all the kings in the world but one are not lawful kings, and so have no right to obedience: either this title of heir to Adam is that whereby kings hold their crowns, and have a right to subjection from their subjects, and then one only can have it, and the rest being subjects can require no obedience from other men, who are but the irfellow subjects; or else it is not the title whereby kings rule, and have a right to obedience from their subjects, and then kings are kings without it, and this dream of the natural sovereignty of Adam's heir is of no use to obedience and government: for if kings have a right to dominion, and the obedience of the irsubjects, who are not, nor can possibly be, heirs to Adam, what use is there of such a title, when we are obliged to obey without it? If kings, who are not heirs to Adam, have no right to sovereignty, we are all free, till our author, or anybody for him, will shew us Adam's right heir. If there be but one heir of Adam,there can be but one lawful king in the world, and no body in conscience can be obliged to obedience till it be resolved who that is; for it may be any one,who is not known to be of a younger house, and all others have equal titles.If there be more than one heir of Adam, every one is his heir, and so everyone has regal power: for if two sons can be heirs together, then all the sons are equally heirs, and so all are heirs, being all sons, or sons sons of Adam. Betwixt these two the right of heir cannot stand; for by it either but one only man, orall men are kings. Take which you please, it dissolves the bonds of government and obedience; since, if all men are heirs, they can owe obedience to no body;if only one, no body can be obliged to pay obedience to him, till he be known,and his title made out. ......
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