大学英语四级全真预测试题及详解

出版时间：2010-1  出版社：华东理工大学出版社  作者：刘金龙 编  页数：215  

前言

　　大学英语四级考试改革的目标是更准确地测试我国在校大学生的英语综合应用能力，尤其是英语听说能力，以体现社会改革开放对我国大学生英语综合应用能力的要求。　　许多考生由于对大学英语四级考试改革的理解不够透彻，在备考过程中往往具有一定的盲目性，缺乏针对性的训练。为了帮助广大考生更好地应对改革后的各种新题型，破解四级考试过程中的种种难题，笔者组织了长期奋战在大学英语教学和四级培训一线的教师，合力编写了该书。　　本书由10套全真预测模拟试题组成，均系编者在对历年真题研究的基础上编写而成。通过对这10套模拟试题的详细讲解和评析，让学生熟悉考试题型、了解考试难度，迅速把握考点和测试要求；精心设计的练习可以帮助考生巩固、强化考试所需的技能。在练习材料的难度方面，兼顾不同水平的考生，设置了不同难度的练习。通过解题技巧的讲解，难度适中练习的操练，可帮助考生达到触类旁通的娴熟境地。　　另外，本书还在所附的MP3光盘中，附送2007-2009三年的真题，内容涵盖全套题目、详细的参考答案、听力原文及听力录音。　　本书特色　　特点之一——作文部分，既有写作指南作指点，又有经典范文作参考，外加亮点解析，指出范文点晴之处；　　特点之二——快速阅读和完型填空部分，均配有文章大意，帮助考生理解全文；　　特点之三——阅读理解Section A部分，每小题答案详解均配有句子译文；　　特点之四——阅读理解Section B部分，均配有全文译文，有助于考生更好地解题；　　特点之五——翻译部分不仅给出详细的解析，还根据题目特点，对相应语法、词法、句法　　点均给出拓展性讲解。考生既学习了翻译技巧，又重温了相关语法知识，一举两得。　　总之，本书侧重在讲解过程中，除了对考点提供详细的解析外，并发散性地对考点进行了预测点拨，以期达到举一反三、触类旁通之功效。使学生通过练习，“渔”和“鱼”兼得。　　本书结合了编者多年的教学、辅导和培训的实践经验，有的编者还多次参加四级考试阅卷工作，对四级考试具有一定的实战经验。书中有不少材料是他们在教学培训过程中使用过了的，并得到学员的一致认同。可以说，他们的加盟使得本书的材料具有一定的可靠性和真实性。　　由于编者学识和水平有限，书中错误之处在所难免，恳请广大同仁和读者批评指正。

内容概要

　　《大学英语4级全真预测试题及详解》特色：写作部分，既有写作指南，又有经典范文，外加亮点解析，指出范文点睛之处。快速阅读和完型填空。均配有文章大意，帮助考生理解全文。阅读理解，全文翻译，帮助考生更好地理解全文，顺利解题。翻译部分不仅给出详细的解析，还根据题目特点。对相应语法、词法、句法知识点均给出开拓性讲解，复习内容涵盖翻译技巧和语法知识点，一举两得。

书籍目录

全真预测试题全真预测试题二全真预测试题三全真预测试题四全真预测试题五全真预测试题六全真预测试题七全真预测试题八全真预测试题九全真预测试题十全真预测试题一 答案与详解全真预测试题二 答案与详解全真预测试题三 答案与详解全真预测试题四 答案与详解全真预测试题五 答案与详解全真预测试题六 答案与详解全真预测试题七 答案与详解全真预测试题八 答案与详解全真预测试题九 答案与详解全真预测试题十 答案与详解全真预测试题听力原文2007年12月大学英语四级考试真题2007年12月大学英语四级考试真题答案2008年6月大学英语四级考试真题2008年6月大学英语四级考试真题答案2008年12月大学英语四级考试真题2008年12月大学英语四级考试真题答案2009年6月大学英语四级考试真题2009年6月大学英语四级考试真题答案2009年12月大学英语四级考试真题2009年12月大学英语四级考试真题答案

章节摘录

　　Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning）（15 minutes）　　Directions： In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet I. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices　marked A） , B） , C） and D）. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.　　How Swearing Works　　We all know what "bad words" are. Unlike most other language rules, we learn about swearwords and how to use them without any real study or classroom instruction. Even very young children know which words are naughty, although they dont always know exactly what those words mean.　　But swearwords arent quite as simple as they seem. Theyre paradoxical-saying them is taboo in nearly every culture, but instead of avoiding them as with other taboos, people use them. Most associate swearing with being angry or frustrated, but people swear for a number of reasons and in a variety of situations.　　Origin and Varieties of Swearwords　　Virtually every language in every culture in the world has its own unique swearwords. Even different dialects of the same language can have different expletives. The very first languages probably included swearwords, but since writing evolved after speaking did, theres no record of who said the first swearword or what that word was. Because of the taboos surrounding it,written language histories also include few records of the origins of swearing. Even today, many dictionaries dont include profanity, and comparatively few studies have examined swearing.　　Most researchers agree that swearing came from early forms of word magic. Studies of modern, non-literate cultures suggest that swearwords came from the belief that spoken words have power. Some cultures, especially ones that have not developed a written language, believe that spoken words can curse or bless people or can otherwise affect the world. This leads to the idea that some words are either very good or very bad.　　In the Western, English-speaking world, people from every race, class and level of education swear. In America, 72 percent of men and 58 percent of women swear in public. The same is true for 74 percent of 18 to 34 year olds and 48 percent of people who are over age 55.Numerous language researchers report that men swear more than women, but studies that focus on womens use of language theorize that womens swearing is simply more context specific, So why do so many people swear？ Well look at how swearing works in relationships and social interactions next.　　Why People Swear　　In early childhood, crying is an acceptable way to show emotion and relieve stress and anxiety. As children, （especially boys） grow up, Western society discourages them from crying,particularly in public. People still need an outlet for strong emotions, and thats where swearing often comes in.　　A lot of people think of swearing as an instinctive response to something painful and unexpected （like hitting your head on an open cabinet door） or something frustrating and upsetting （like being stuck in traffic on the way to a job interview）. This is one of the most common uses for swearing, and many researchers believe that it helps relieve stress and blow off steam, like crying does for small children.　　Beyond angry or upset words said in the heat of the moment, swearing does a lot of work in social interactions. In the past, researchers have theorized that men swear to create a masculine identity and women swear to be more like men. More recent studies, however, theorize that women swear in part because they are emulating women they admire.　　In addition, the use of particular expletives can：　　Establish a group identity　　Establish membership in a group and maintain the groups boundaries　　Express solidarity with other people　　Express trust and intimacy （mostly when women swear in the presence of other women）　　Add humor, emphasis or "shock value"　　Attempt to camouflage a persons fear or insecurity　　People also swear because they feel they are expected to or because swearing has become a habit. But it doesnt mean its socially acceptable, or even legal just because swearing plays all these roles. In the next sections, well look at social and legal responses to swearing.　　Social Responses to Swearing　　All languages have swearwords, but the words that are considered expletives and the social attitudes toward them change over time. In many languages, words that used to be taboo are now commonplace and other words have taken their place as obscenities. In American English,the words currently considered to be the most vulgar and offensive have existed for hundreds of years. Their designation as obscenities, however, took place largely during and after the 1800s.In fact, the use of the word "dirty" to describe words arose in the 19th century, as did the word"profanity".　　Most languages also have a hierarchy of swearwords-some words are mildly offensive,while others are nearly unspeakable. This hierarchy usually has more to do with a societys attitude toward the word than what the word actually means. Some words that describe extremely vulgar acts arent thought of as swearwords at all. In English-speaking countries,however, many people avoid using racial slurs to swear for fear of appearing racist. Women also tend to avoid the use of expletives that relate to the female sexual anatomy out of the belief that the words contain an element of sexism.　　Western society generally views swearing as more appropriate for men than for women.Women who swear appear to violate more societal taboos than men who swear. People also tend to judge women more harshly than men for their use of obscenities. Society in general can also make moral judgments about women who swear and use non-standard English. In general,women also believe swearwords are more powerful and express more guilt about using them than men do.　　Swearing and the Law　　Just as cultures have different attitudes toward swearing and people who swear, they also have different laws governing peoples use of expletives. The Constitution of the United States guarantees that people have the right to freedom of speech in the First Amendment. The First Amendment applies specifically to Congress and the federal government, including the Federal Communications Commission （FCC）. Courts generally interpret that it also applies to state governments.　　So at first glance, it seems like people should be able to swear whenever they want and wherever they want because of their First Amendment rights. However, constitutional law can be tricky, and a wealth of court cases has led to a wide variety of judgments surroundings wearing. Obscenity generally falls into the category of unprotected speech- speech that is exempt from to the First Amendment rule. Other types of unprotected speech include：　　Language that incites people to violence or illegal activity　　Libel and defamation　　Threats　　False advertising　　The unprotected speech exclusion is one of the reasons why the FCC can create and enforce decency rules for broadcast television and radio.　　In addition to obscenity, court cases have examined the use of swearing in the contexts of inciting people to violence, defamation and threats. They have generally ruled that the government does not have the right to prevent blasphemy against a specific religion or to prosecute someone solely for the use of an expletive. On the other hand, they have upheld convictions of people who used profanity to incite riots, harass people or disturb the peace.　　The First Amendment doesnt generally apply to private organizations, and it has significantly less influence over businesses and schools. Courts frequently rule that organizations have the right to set and enforce their own standards of behavior and judgment. In addition,numerous sexual harassment cases have involved reports of swearing, and some courts have ruled that it creates a hostile environment and constitutes harassment.

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