美国学生历史(上下册)

出版时间:2011-6  出版社:天津社科院  作者:爱德华·钱宁  页数:556  
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前言

本书的目的在于用简明的方式讲述美国的建立与发展。学习自己国家的历史是一件非常严肃的事,这种学习需要教材编撰者、教师和学生的认真参与,其研究范围远远超出语言和数学。然而,我不打算将这本教材写成故事书,显然,它纯粹是一本教材,应该被当作教材使用,供学生勤奋学习,并有待于教师对之做出细致阐发。大部分使用本书的学生将不再有其他机会学习本国的创立和历史,人们非常希望学生将时间用于学习真正的美国历史,而不是用于背诵大量轶事,因为这些轶事常常无足轻重,并且常常是基于一些不可靠的资料。而本教材的作者大胆地略去了一些传统的、一般被认为是给教材以生气的东西,以图激发学生“对历史的热爱”,这种爱常常意味着一种对愉悦状态的喜爱。例如,在一般历史书都介绍约翰• 史密斯船长的冒险和解释美洲印第安人习俗,本书则代之以介绍宪法的形成和对奴隶制扩张的反抗。可以查到的1760 年之前的资料非常有限,这使得有必要略去“殖民生活”部分,因为不可能给它以简明扼要而又准确的介绍,学生可以在其他书中很容易地找到与其学习专题相关的内容,如希金森的《写给年轻人的历史》(Young Folks’ History)、艾格里斯通的《美国及其人民》(United States and its People)、麦克马斯特的《学校历史》(School History),等。本书旁注中列出了这些参考书及另外一些著作,这些引用还给出了一些更容易获得的资料,这些资料仅仅是用于说明。许多学校一般都安排两年的时间来学习美国历史,并将第一年的时间用于学习1760 年之前的美国史,这种安排非常糟糕。首先,它过于强调殖民时期;其次,由于许多学生一年后辍学,他们再也没有机会学习1760 年之后的美国史;第三,这种编排使得完成学业的学生不能对美国这个民族的发展有一个理智的观瞻;最后,第二学年的大部分时间被用于学习革命战争和统一战争。好的编排应该是这样的:第一年通过某种平行阅读对全书有个通览,第二年复习并深入学习一些重要事件,如宪法的制定、殖民地中的自由之战、南北战争。第二年还可以着重学习1790 年之后的工业历史以及政府的组建。作者非常希望教师把前面的几章当作引言。安妮• 布里斯• 查普曼是一所文法学校久负盛名的历史教师,她向本书提出一些建设性问题,并且向教师们提出许多好的建议,这些都支持了本书的阶段性编写。作者本人提出一些问题,给出自己的一些提示,还对查普曼老师的问题做出部分改动。对于这一部分的赞赏都应归功于查普曼老师。还应感谢布拉• 玛丽• 迪克斯女士就语言及行文给出许多好的建议。作者诚挚地欢迎提出批评和建议,特别是欢迎来自老师们的批评和建议,并非常欢迎指出错误之处。爱德华• 钱宁The aim of this little book is to tell in a simple and concise form the story of the founding and development of the United States. The study of the history of one’s own country is a serious matter, and should be entered upon by the text-book writer, by the teacher, and by the pupil in a serious spirit,even to a greater extent than the study of language or of arithmetic. No effort has been made, therefore, to make out of this text-book a story book. It is a text-book pure and simple, and should be used as a text-book, to be studied diligently by the pupil and expounded carefully by the teacher.Most of the pupils who use this book will never have another opportunity to study the history and institutions of their own country. It is highly desirable that they should use their time in studying the real history of the United States and not in learning by heart a mass of anecdotes,—often of very slight importance, and more often based on very insecure foundations. The author of this text-book, therefore, has boldly ventured to omit most of the traditional matter which is usually supposed to give life to a text-book and to inspire a“ love of history”,—which too often means only a love of being amused. For instance, descriptions of the formation of the Constitution and of the struggle over the extension of slavery here occupy the space usually given to the adventures of Captain John Smith and to accounts of the institutions of the Red Men. The small number of pages available for the period before 1760 has necessitated the omission of“ pictures of colonial life,” which cannot be briefly and at the same time accurately described. These and similar matters can easily be studied by the pupils in their topical work in such books as Higginson’s Young Folks’ History, Eggleston’s United States and its People,and McMaster’s School History. References to these books and to a limited number of other works have been given in the margins of this text-book.These citations also mention a few of the more accessible sources, which should be used solely for purposes of illustration.It is the custom in many schools to spread the study of American history over two years, and to devote the first year to a detailed study of the period before 1760. This is a very bad arrangement. In the first place, it gives an undue emphasis to the colonial period; in the second place, as many pupils never return to school, they never have an opportunity to study the later period at all; in the third place, it prevents those pupils who complete this study from gaining an intelligent view of the development of the American people. And, finally, most of the time the second year is spent in the study of the Revolutionary War and of the War for the Union. A better way would be to go over the whole book the first year with some parallel reading, and the second year to review the book and study with greater care important episodes, as the making of the Constitution, the struggle for freedom in the territories, and the War for the Union. Attention may also be given the second year to a study of industrial history since 1790 and to the elements of civil government. It is the author’s earnest hope that teachers will regard the earlychapters as introductory. Miss Annie Bliss Chapman, for many years a successful teacher of history in grammar schools, has kindly provided a limited number of suggestivequestions, and has also made many excellent suggestions to teachers. These are all appended to the several divisions of the work. The author has added a few questions and a few suggestions of his own. He has also altered some of Miss Chapman’s questions. Whatever there is commendable in this apparatus should be credited to Miss Chapman. Acknowledgments are also due to Miss Beulah Marie Dix for very many admirable suggestions as to language and form. The author will cordially welcome criticisms and suggestions from any one, especially from teachers, and will be very glad to receive notice of any errors.

内容概要

  这套《美国学生历史》是美国哈佛大学著名历史学教授爱德华?钱宁专为美国学生撰写的一本关于美国历史的权威教材,它对此后的美国历史教科书产生了不朽的影响。全书从欧洲人发现美洲开始,重点讲述了1600~1900期间300年的美国历史。作者试图通过此书“唤起学生对历史的热爱,而不是死记大量轶事”,因为有些轶事没有多大重要性,有的又基于不可靠的资料。全书共分15篇,共45章,共归纳了485个知识要点,对学生把握全书的脉络与历史线索起到很好的作用。本书于国内首版,采用双语形式,中文只是作为内容和阅读形式的一种补充,每章之后配有相应的练习题和教师建议。对国内学生来讲,这套书也是一本很好的英语读本。配合英文朗读,对提升英语水平一定更有帮助。
  The aim of this book is to tell in a simple and concise form the
story of the founding and development of the United States. The
study of the history of one's own country is a serious matter,and
should be entered upon by the text-book writer, by the teacher, and
by the pupil in a serious spirit,even to a greater extent than the
study of language or of arithmetic. No effort has been made,
therefore,to make out of this text-book a story book. It is a
text-book pure and simple, and should be used as a text-book, to be
studied diligently by the pupil and expounded carefully by the
teacher.

作者简介

爱德华.钱宁 (1856-1931),美国著名历史学家,美国殖民与革命史研究专家,1883-1929
年任教于哈佛大学,其6卷本《美国历史》1926年获普利策奖。这套历史著作在数十年内一直成为美国标准的历史研究参考书。爱德华出生于马萨诸塞州,其母艾伦.富勒是马格丽特.富勒之妹;其父威廉.钱宁是位著名诗人,亨利.梭罗的挚友。爱德华出生几个月后,其母离世,4岁时便被送至时任哈佛大学医学院系主任的祖父沃尔特.钱宁家,就读于一所私立学校,18岁时进入哈佛学院,大学毕业后继续在哈佛获得历史专业博士学位。大学期间,他倾听了著名历史学家亨利.亚当斯的演讲,便立志做一名历史学家。1880年,祖父沃尔特去世,留下300美元遗产,爱德华用这笔钱到欧洲游历9个月,后到近东及北非旅行。返回美国后开始为《科学》杂志写作地理文章。1883年,他成为哈佛大学历史系辅导员,并为托雷教授担任助教。
1886年,与爱丽斯.撒切尔结婚,育有两女,从此步入学术的阶梯。1 8 9
6年,爱德华.钱宁成为哈佛大学副教授,1897年成为教授,讲授殖民史课程。1912年,成为古代史与现代史McLean教授,1929年退休。1905-1925年期间,他开始写作《美国历史》,20年内完成了6卷本的里程牌历史巨著——《美国历史》,同时为美国中学生写作了这部历史教材。 
爱德华.钱宁为美国艺术与科学学会会员,1919年当选为美国历史学会会长,1926年先后获得密歇根大学与哥伦比亚大学荣誉博士学位。钱宁的历史研究建立于原始文献的基础之上,作为历史学家,他关注政治制度与的发展,同进也关注城市历史,以及宗教和教育的发展。他于1929年从哈佛退休,1931年于剑桥去世。

书籍目录

上册
PART I DISCOVERY AND EXPLORATION,1000~1600
发现与探险(1000~1600 年)
CHAPTER 1 THE EUROPEAN DISCOVERY OF AMERICA
欧洲人发现美洲 / 3
CHAPTER2 SPANISH AND FRENCH PIONEERS IN THE UNITED STATES
美国的西班牙和法国先驱 / 10
CHAPTER 3 PIONEERS OF ENGLAND
英格兰的开拓者 / 18
PART II COLONIZATION, 1600~1660
殖民时期(1600~1660 年)
CHAPTER 4 FRENCH COLONISTS, MISSIONARIES, AND EXPLORERS
法国殖民者、传教士和探险者 / 27
CHAPTER 5 VIRGINIA AND MARYLAND
弗吉尼亚和马里兰 / 32
CHAPTER 6 NEW ENGLAND
新英格兰 / 40
CHAPTER 7 NEW NETHERLAND AND NEW SWEDEN
新荷兰和新瑞典 / 52
PART III A CENTURY OF COLONIAL ISTORY,1660~1760
一个世纪的殖民历史(1660~1760 年)
CHAPTER 8 THE COLONIES UNDER CHARLES II
查理二世的殖民统治 / 65
CHAPTER 9 COLONIAL DEVELOPMENT, 1688~1760
殖民地的发展(1688~1760 年) / 77
CHAPTER 10 EXPULSION OF THE FRENCH
驱除法国人 / 83
PART IV COLONIAL UNION, 1760~1774
殖民地联盟(1760~1774 年)
CHAPTER 11 BRITAIN’S COLONIAL SYSTEM
不列颠的殖民地制度 / 99
CHAPTER 12 TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION
无代表权税收 / 103
CHAPTER 13 REVOLUTION IMPENDING
革命的到来 / 115
PART V THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE, 1775~1783
独立战争(1775~1783 年)
CHAPTER 14 BUNKER HILL TO TRENTON
从邦克山到特伦顿 / 131
CHAPTER 15 THE GREAT DECLARATION AND THE FRENCH ALLIANCE
《独立宣言》和法国联盟 / 145
CHAPTER 16 INDEPENDENCE
独立 / 156
PART VI THE CRITICAL PERIOD, 1783~1789
关键时期 (1783~1789年 )
CHAPTER 17 THE CONFEDERATION, 1783~1787
联邦(1783~1787 年) / 173
CHAPTER 18 MAKING OF THE CONSTITUTION, 1787~1789
制定宪法(1787~1789 年) / 183
PART VII THE FEDERALIST SUPREMACY, 1789~1801
联邦党掌权(1789~1801 年)
CHAPTER 19 ORGANIZATION OF THE GOVERNMENT
政府的组建 / 201
CHAPTER 20 RISE OF POLITICAL PARTIES
政治党派的出现 / 215
CHAPTER 21 THE LAST FEDERALIST ADMINISTRATION
最后一个联邦党政府 / 225
PART VIII THE JEFFERSONIAN REPUBLICANS, 1801~1812
杰斐逊代表的共和党人(1801~1812 年)
CHAPTER 22 THE UNITED STATES IN 1800
1800 年的美国 / 241
CHAPTER 23 JEFFERSON’S ADMINISTRATIONS
杰斐逊政府 / 248
CHAPTER 24 CAUSES OF THE WAR OF 1812
1812 年战争的原因 / 258
下 册
PART IX WAR AND PEACE, 1812~1829
战争与和平 (1812~1829年)
CHAPTER 25 THE SECOND WAR OF INDEPENDENCE, 1812~1815
第二次独立战争(1812~1815 年) / 275
CHAPTER 26 THE ERA OF GOOD FEELING, 1815~1824
幸福时代(1815~1824 年) / 290
CHAPTER 27 NEW PARTIES AND NEW POLICIES, 1824~1829
新党派与新政策(1824 年 ~1829 年) / 300
PART X THE NATIONAL DEMOCRACY, 1829~1844
国家民主(1829~1844 年)
CHAPTER 28 THE AMERICAN PEOPLE IN 1830
1830 年美国的人口 / 317
CHAPTER 29 THE REIGN OF ANDREW JACKSON, 1829~1837
安德鲁 . 杰克逊的任期(1829~1837 年) / 326
CHAPTER 30 DEMOCRATS AND WHIGS, 1837~1844
民主党与辉格党(1837~1844 年) / 336
PART XI SLAVERY IN THE TERRITORIES, 1844~1859
领土内的奴隶制(1844~1859 年)
CHAPTER 31 BEGINNING OF THE ANTISLAVERY AGITATION
反奴隶制运动的开始 / 353
CHAPTER 32 THE MEXICAN WAR
墨西哥战争 / 358
CHAPTER 33 THE COMPROMISE OF 1850
1850 年的折中法案 / 368
CHAPTER 34 THE STRUGGLE FOR KANSAS
关于堪萨斯的纷争 / 377
PART XII SECESSION, 1860~1861
分裂(1860~1861 年)
CHAPTER 35 THE UNITED STATES IN 1860
1860 年的美国 / 395
CHAPTER 36 SECESSION, 1860~1861
南部各州脱离联邦(1860~1861 年) / 403
PART XIII THE WAR FOR THE UNION, 1861~1865
统一战争(1861~1865 年)
CHAPTER 37 THE RISING OF THE PEOPLES, 1861
民众的反映(1861 年) / 419
CHAPTER 38 BULL RUN TO MURFREESBORO’, 1861~1862
CHAPTER 39 THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
《解放奴隶宣言》 / 438
CHAPTER 40 THE YEAR 1863
1863 年 / 446
CHAPTER 41 THE END OF THE WAR, 1864~1865
战争结束(1864~1865 年) / 455
PART XIV RECONSTRUCTION AND REUNION, 1865~1888
重建联邦(1865~1888 年)
CHAPTER 42 PRESIDENT JOHNSON AND RECONSTRUCTION,1861~1869
约翰逊的重建计划(1861~1869 年) / 481
CHAPTER 43 FROM GRANT TO CLEVELAND, 1869~1889
从格兰特到克利夫兰(1869~1889) / 491
PART XV NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, 1889~1900
国家的发展(1889~1900 年)
CHAPTER 44 CONFUSION IN POLITICS
政治混乱 / 513
CHAPTER 45 THE SPANISH WAR, 1898
西班牙战争(1898 年) / 520
Appendix(附录) CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
美国宪法 / 539

章节摘录

【中文阅读】1. 列夫•埃里克森发现美洲(1000 年)——多数人在孩提时代就学会讲述下面的句子:1492 年,哥伦布航海,海正蓝……我们认为哥伦布是第一个造访美洲的欧洲人,但是,几乎远在此前500 年列夫• 埃里克森就发现了这个新世界。列夫是北欧人,他是雷德• 埃里克森的儿子。埃里克森已经在格陵兰岛创建了一块殖民地,列夫从挪威出发开始其航海之旅去探望埃里克森,这一年是1000 年。日复一日,列夫和他的随从在大海中颠簸,后来他们来到了一个不知名的陆地,并发现许多葡萄藤。他们把这块陆地叫做文兰德(Vinland) 或“ 酒兰德”(Wineland),随后他们向北航行安全抵达格陵兰岛。确切地讲,没有人知道文兰德在哪里,但是,它肯定是北美的一部分。因此,北欧人列夫• 埃里克森是美洲的真正发现者。2.早期欧洲旅行者——欧洲人对亚洲大陆的了解比他们对文兰德了解要多。数百年来,欧洲的传教士、商人和旅行者不断造访远东,他们带回丝绸、香料和金银饰物,他们讲述着关于富庶大陆和伟大君主的故事。其中一位旅行者是威尼斯人马可• 波罗,他谈到中国和日本。后者是一个岛国,它的国王如此富足,他甚至用纯金铺就宫殿。土耳其人突然征服了位于欧洲和富饶东方之间的土地,他们截断了这条商贸与旅行之路线,因此,必须找到通往印度、中国和日本的新航线。3.早期葡萄牙航海者——通往东方的一条道路似乎在非洲南端附近,如果在非洲存在这样一个南端地带的话。1487 年,葡萄牙水手航行到非洲南端附近,他们返回葡萄牙,并把所看到的地方叫做“风暴角”,不过,葡萄牙国王认为从此有了靠海路通往印度的很大希望,因此,他将其名改为“好望角”。10 年后,一位勇敢的葡萄牙航海者达伽马真的通过好望角到达印度,并于1497 年安全返回葡萄牙。4.哥伦布——一段时间之后,意大利人克里斯托弗• 哥伦布完成了一次更令人吃惊的航行。哥伦布根据自己所见和其他人所说渐渐认为地球是圆的。如果果真如此,日本和中国既在欧洲的西方也在欧洲的东方。哥伦布还相信地球比人们以为的要小得多,而日本在西班牙的西方,距离西班牙仅三千英里。有一段时间人们嘲笑向西可以航行到达日本和中国这个想法,但是,哥伦布为之精心准备了足够的钱以装备一个小舰队。5.1492年的航行——1492 年8 月,哥伦布离开西班牙,在加纳利补给,向西航行进入黑海。1492 年10 月20 日傍晚10 点,他看到远处的一盏灯,舰队迅速停下来,当然,天亮时他们看到了陆地。他们放下一只小船,哥伦布走到海岸上,为西班牙国王费迪南德和王后伊莎贝拉赢得这块新的陆地。陆地上的人过来看这些发现者,他们肤色微红,哥伦布感到不解——他们不是远东的居民吗?因此哥伦布把他们叫做印第安人。6.印第安人和印度地区——这些印第安人与马克• 波罗所描述的那些绝妙的日本人和中国人根本没有相似之处,他们没有穿丝绸和花缎子这类衣服。很显然,他们已经发现的陆地不是日本,它可能是某个远离日本海岸的岛屿,哥伦布继续前行并发现了古巴,他确信古巴是亚洲大陆的一部分,因为印第安人一致在叫嚷着“古巴坤”,哥伦布认为这是他们称道忽必烈(某个东方威武统治者的名字)的方式,于是他向自己伟大的皇帝写了两封信。回到西班牙,哥伦布被当作海军司令受到欢迎。之后,哥伦布三次航海到美洲,但是,他从来就没有到过今天的美国大陆。7.约翰•卡伯特(1497年)——在哥伦布到印度西部探险的同时,另一个意大利人穿过黑海北上,他的名字叫约翰• 卡伯特,此人带着英国都锋王朝第一个国王亨利七世签发的通行证航海,他大胆地从英国西部的布里斯托尔海港出发,穿过北大西洋,到达诺瓦斯科夏北部美洲海岸。如哥伦布一样,约翰• 卡伯特认为他发现的是忽必烈的国家,根据约翰• 卡伯特的发现,英国国王宣称自己对北美洲的殖民统治权。8. 美洲的命名——还有许多探险者也到过新发现的这些大陆,其中就有意大利人阿美利哥• 维斯普奇。他到了哪里并不十分清楚,但是,很显然他写了一些关于航海的日志,日志被印刷出来后,有许多人读过。在这些日志中,阿美利哥• 维斯普奇认为人们所谓的南美洲不是亚洲的一部分,他因此把这个地方命名为“新世界”。哥伦布一直认为自己发现的那些陆地是亚洲的一部分。因此,自然人们在想起“新世界”时应该想到阿美利哥• 维斯普奇。之后不久,甚至有人建议应该把这个“新世界”叫做美洲以纪念他。人们接受了这个建议,并且,当确切知道另外一些陆地不是亚洲的构成部分时,人们用美洲来命名这些陆地,这样一直延续到整个大陆被叫做美洲。9. 巴波亚和麦哲伦(1513 年,1520 年)——巴波亚是一个到圣多明各淘金的西班牙人,他变成一个穷人,并且在债主的催逼下离开了圣多明各,在长途跋涉之后,巴波亚发现自己在巴拿马海峡当中的一座高山上,往南看是一片波涛汹涌的新海洋,他把它叫做南海,并向纵深处跋涉,他向空中挥舞他的宝剑,为他效忠的西班牙国王获得这片新领地。这一年是1513 年。7 年后,在1520 年,葡萄牙水手麦哲伦在西班牙国王的支持下穿过麦哲伦海峡进入这一片海洋,他把它叫做太平洋。麦哲伦转而向西、向北航行,日复一日,累周不息,经过数月航行他最终到达菲律宾群岛,岛上的人杀死了麦哲伦,但是,他的一条船绕过好望角逃回了西班牙。……CHAPTER ITHE EUROPEAN DISCOVERY OF AMERICA欧洲人发现美洲1. Leif Ericson discovers America, 1000.—In our early childhood many of us learned to repeat the lines:—Columbus sailed the ocean blueIn fourteen hundred, ninety-two.We thought that he was the first European to visit America. But nearly five hundred years before his time Leif Ericson had discovered the New World.He was a Northman and the son of Eric the Red. Eric had already founded a colony in Greenland, and Leif sailed from `Norway to make him a visit. This was in the year 1000. Day after day Leif and his men were tossed about on the sea until they reached an unknown land where they found many grapevines.They called it Vinland or Wineland. They Then sailed northward andreached Greenland in safety. Precisely where Vinland was is not known. But it certainly was part of North America. Leif Ericson, the Northman, was therefore the real discoverer of America.2. Early European Travelers.—The people of Europe knew more of the lands of Asia than they knew of Vinland. For hundreds of years missionaries, traders, and travelers visited the Far East. They brought back to Europe silks and spices, and ornaments of gold and of silver. They told marvelous tales of rich lands and great princes. One of these travelers was a Venetian named Marco Polo. He told of Cathay or China and of Cipango or Japan. This last country was an island. Its king was so rich that even the fl oors of his palaces were of pure gold. Suddenly the Turks conquered the lands between Europeand the golden East. They put an end to this trading and traveling. New ways to India, China, and Japan must be found.3. Early Portuguese Sailors.—One way to the East seemed to be around the southern end of Africa—if it should turn out that there was a southern end to that Dark Continent. In 1487 Portuguese seamen sailed around the southern end of Africa and, returning home, called that point the Cape of Storms. But the King of Portugal thought that now there was good hope of reaching India by sea. So he changed the name to Cape of Good Hope. Ten years later a brave Portuguese sailor, Vasco da Gama, actually reached India by the Cape of Good Hope, and returned safely to Portugal (1497).4. Columbus.—Meantime Christopher Columbus, an Italian, had returned from an even more startling voyage. From what he had read, and from what other men had told him, he had come to believe that the earth was round. If this were really true, Cipango and Cathay were west of Europe as well as east of Europe. Columbus also believed that the earthwas very much smaller than it really is, and that Cipango was only three thousand miles west of Spain. For a time people laughed at the idea of sailing westward to Cipango and Cathay. But at length Columbus secured enough money to fi t out a little fl eet.5. The Voyage, 1492.—Columbus left Spain in August, 1492, and, refitting at the Canaries, sailed westward into the Sea of Darkness. At ten o’clock in the evening of October 20, 1492, looking out into the night, he saw a light in the distance. The fl eet was soon stopped. When day broke, there, sure enough, was land. A boat was lowered, and Columbus, going ashore, took possession of the new land for Ferdinand and Isabella, King and Queen of Aragon and Castile. The natives came to see the discoverers. They were reddish in color and interested Columbus—for were they not inhabitants of the Far East? So he called them Indians.6. The Indians and the Indies.—These Indians were not at all like those wonderful people of Cathay and Cipango whom Marco Polo had described. Instead of wearing clothes of silk and of gold embroidered satin, these people wore no clothes of any kind. But it was plain enough that the island they had found was not Cipango. It was probably some island off the coast of Cipango, so on Columbus sailed and discovered Cuba. He was certain that Cuba was a part of the mainland of Asia, for the Indians kept saying “Cubanaquan.”Columbus thought that this was their way of pronouncing Kublai Khan—the name of a mighty eastern ruler. So he sent two messengers with a letter to that powerful monarch. Returning to Spain, Columbus was welcomed as a great admiral. He made three other voyages to America. But he never came within sight of the mainland of the United States.7. John Cabot, 1497.—While Columbus explored the West Indies, another Italian sailed across the Sea of Darkness farther north. His name was John Cabot, and he sailed with a license from Henry VII of England, the fi rst of the Tudor kings. Setting boldly forth from Bristol, England, he crossed the North Atlantic and reached the coast of America north of Nova Scotia. Like Columbus, he thought that he had found the country of the Grand Khan. Upon his discovery English kings based their claim to the right to colonize North America.8. The Naming of America.—Many other explorers also visited the new-found lands. Among these was an Italian named Americus Vespucius. Precisely where he went is not clear. But it is clear that he wrote accounts of his voyages, which were printed and read by many persons. In these accounts he said that what we call South America was not a part of Asia. So he named it the New World. Columbus all the time was declaring that the lands he had found were a part of Asia. It was natural, therefore, that people in thinking of the New World should think of Americus Vespucius. Before long some one even suggested that the New World should be named America in his honor. This was done, and when it became certain that the other lands were not parts of Asia, the name America was given to them also until the whole continent came to be called America.9. Balboa and Magellan, 1513, 1520.—Balboa was a Spaniard who came to San Domingo to seek his fortune. He became a pauper and fl ed away from those to whom he owed money. After long wanderings he found himself on a high mountain in the center of the Isthmus of Panama. To the southward sparkled the waters of a new sea. He called it the South Sea. Wading into it waist deep, he waved his sword in the air and took possession of it for his royal master, the King of Spain. This was in 1513. Seven years later, in 1520, Magellan, a Portuguese seaman in the service of the Spanish king, sailed through the Straits of Magellan and entered the same great ocean, which he called the Pacifi c. Thence northward and westward he sailed day after day, week after week, and month after month,until he reached the Philippine Islands. The natives killed Magellan. But one of his vessels found her way back to Spain around the Cape of Good Hope.……

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《美国学生历史(上下)(套装共2册)(英汉双语版)》:美国学生权威历史教材,STA备考指导用书。数十年内一直为美国标准历史研究参考书。哈佛大学著名历史学教授爱德华•钱宁里程牌历史巨著!

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  •   美国著名历史学家写给本国学生的一本历史书,感觉客观详实,最重要的一点是不像国内教材那么教化味十足,而是通过史实让你了解300年间的美国历史,如何评价如何下结论都留给阅读者去思考,这本书由于是写给学生的,词汇量不是太大,中国的读者如果有大学四级以上的水平估计都能读下来,何况还有中文翻译,真读不懂了,看一下翻译也就搞明白了。真心希望国内的历史教材也能有这种风格,多一些事实,少一些说教,毕竟人不是机器,他们要自己思考的,对中国的历史他们也渴求形成自己的看法,加油吧,中国的历史学家们。
  •   作为一个只有几百年历史的国家,如今却能成为世界强国,
    不得不承认其中有很多值得我们学习的地方。
    只有了解一个国家的历史了,才能全面了解这个国家,作为一个学生读本,这套书内容还是很全面丰富的,而且还有CD朗读,可以在孩子了解美国历史的同时加强英语学习,值得推荐!
  •   很好~~~而且的确比光读历史书有趣多了~~~~很适合要考SSAT或者SAT的人~表示SSAT里面就有一些涉及到美国历史的题目~而且对阅读也有帮助~
  •   这书真不错,一直想买一本美国中学生历史教材,终于买到了,还是英汉对照,挺好。
  •   我是英语老师, 我认为这本书内容很有意思, 我的学生都喜欢,而且作为一本美国历史的教材它比较全面, 内容不算太复杂, 也不算太简单。
  •   中英对照,更适合学生读,在了解美国历史的同时学习英语。
  •   用一串的小故事穿成了美国的历史,无论中文还是英文都值得一读,尤其对中学生适用。
  •   印刷质量很好的书,学英语和美国历史的必选书!
  •   这是一部可以帮助孩子了解美国历史并学习英文寓教于乐的好书,非常值得阅读!
  •   本人历史不是很好,再清晰的分类也觉得理解的不很透彻,不过这是一本将每一列事件用近100字的历史教材,先熟悉起来应该对与以后的美国历史课会有帮助
  •   去美国留学前,了解美国历史的最好教材
  •   美国的历史虽然不长,但是美国的学校是很注重自己国家的历史的教育的,所以孩子在出国之前先了解一下对以后的学习非常有帮助
  •   我现在在学美国历史,那本书像百科全书一样超级厚,根本看不懂,这本书把重点事件都有一一列出,对我的历史很有帮助
  •   可以通过此书了解美国的历史。是学习英语的好帮手。
  •   了解美国历史和学习英语的好读物。
  •   可以提高英文能力,又可以学习到美国历史,不错
  •   学习美国的历史的好教材!
  •   没事看看,了解一下美国历史,中英对照,还帮助学习英语。为以后出国准备了
  •   这本书很好,除了学习英语,还可以学习美国历史!
  •   中英对照,对美国历史描写详尽,且对sat很有帮助
  •   送货速度神速,该书对孩子了解美国历史很有帮助。
  •   内容比较简洁但挺有趣味,或者说美国历史本身就值得了解
  •   是给将要去美国的儿子买的,让其提前了解美国的历史,以免到美国抓瞎!
  •   了解美国历史,学习纯正美语,练习美语纯正听力,模仿美语纯正口语。
  •   因为自己高中要去美国读就在当当网上几经犹豫后买了下来。内容很详细,每一章节后配有译文,有一定语言基础的人是完全可以参照理解的,翻译很到位且有助于理解,并不会像某些评价所说造成阅读障碍,可以说是挺高阅读能力了解美国文化的佳品!
  •   这本是我给我一个要去美国的学生买的,我当时就说读完这套书会对她有帮助,结果她没听话,现在很受苦!
  •   小孩要去美国读高中,事先熟悉一下这些课程,不错
  •   非常棒的课外读物,既可以增强英文水平,又可以增强对美国文化的理解。
  •   年底女儿要去美国高中做交换生,先看看,熟悉一下 .
  •   学习美国文化和提高英文能力很有帮助,有地道的美音录音
  •   有用,扩大了知识面,尤其是准备去美国留学的中学生必读
  •   了解美国教育的一本非常深刻的书
  •   深入浅出,就当读小说一样,了解美国短暂的发展史。
  •   绝对好书,不知美国人看不看
  •   很地道的介绍了美国!
  •   美国的人学习丰富多彩,值得学习
  •   平装朴实,内容详尽,切近历史,双语版本,翻译准确,值得珍藏。
  •   学英语,学西方历史的好东西
  •   给孩子读一本好的历史书!
  •   历史也是很符合史实,支持支持。英文很棒,精致的包装要我很喜欢···价格也是实惠·
  •   这真是一套很实用的学习英语和历史的书籍。
  •   书很好,即可以学历史又可以学英语,适合大学生看
  •   是学习英语和历史的好材料
  •   既学了英语,又学了历史
  •   学好英语,就要先了解历史,其实语言也是历史的一小部分哦
  •   学完了 中国历史也要好好学哦
  •   学习历史 以史为鉴
  •   历史叙述较为简单,但是客观
  •   从图片上看书很厚,其实没有那么厚。印刷不错,大段的英文后才会有中文对比,有利于中学生阅读英语。写的比较简洁明了,有不会的看后面的中文也就可以理解了。不错不错
  •   useful book for kid.
  •   比我们正在学的纯英文的好懂而且更适合中国学生阅读
  •   双语版,印刷清楚,适合孩子学习
  •   要说的是,比书更让我高兴地是当当的客服。书送到后,我看看全就签字就赶紧让送货员走了,天挺冷的,他们也很辛苦,不好意思让送货员多耽搁时间。拿回屋拆封后才发现附带的光盘是断成两半的,赶紧追送货员没追上,就打客服电话,可丰富很热情,很妥善的帮我解决了问题。很让人满意。希望当当能给表扬。
  •   对于出国留学的学生很实用
  •   不错的一本书,英文简单,适合英语中等以上程度的读者,个人认为中文翻译的还不够好
  •   非常好的一套书,虽然光盘还没用,但是有光盘的配合,相信学习起来会效率增高不少。非常值得看的书,内容好。谢谢。
  •   内容不怎么难,不过英汉对照,有利于学英语。
  •   对备考SAT非常有用。这本书更像是一本应试教材,着重于归纳知识点。
  •   内容祥细,还可以做英文阅读。
  •   版本不错,双语学生版
  •   中英双语,不错
  •   是双语的,对sat考试很有益。
  •   语言很简明,条理清晰,适合中国学生
  •   送给学生的礼物,不错。
  •   一直从事留学行业,最近推荐很多家长读这本书。
  •   书很好,但时间只到1900,因为作者于1931去世
  •   到货及时。MP3音质效果好,美籍老师读音准确。非常经典的一套书。出国留学前学习用。
  •   孩子出国前读高中应该先看看这本书
  •   哎。。。买的太多了,还是没有好好看呢。。。书是很好的书,继续支持当当~~~
  •   对有一定英语基础的孩子来说是一本不错的书。
  •   非常有用,朗读也很好
  •   看上去不错,慢慢读,希望能提供英语水平。
  •   既能复习备考,又能提高阅读水平,一举两得。
  •   很不错的一本书,配有MP3,很适合学习
  •   很好的书,而且不贵,好好学习一下,会受益匪浅。
  •   很经典,提高阅读和听力,开拓了知识面
  •   分解成一个个的小片段,,,又是连续的,,,,如果看到一大片英文会头晕的,看这本倒是不错的选择,,小片段,而且语句挺简单的
  •   写的蛮详细的,要是把旁边的英文一起翻译就更好了
  •   英文句子结构简洁、基本没什么生词汇。
    还有配套听力,读音太美了。
    优秀的高中生,可以中英文来学习。
    红马甲的快递员让人很感动。冒雨来单位送货,头发都淋湿了。而且不肯多收一分钱。太感动了。
  •   MP3检验过了,每篇文章都有,一个都不少,满意
  •   学英语好就是读的快
  •   给同事小孩买的,15岁了,已过了面签,娃想多了解下背景知识,看了说好。
  •   女儿看的,生词较多。如果不是留学需要,读着有点累。
  •   超赞,每天都在听, 对英语有帮助
  •   给孩子的,中英文,对他学习英语有帮助
  •   女儿喜欢,一直想买的
  •   书的质量不错,还送了一个CD,女儿说很有用
  •   喜欢这种形式的书
  •   内容全面,中英文对照,既便于了解和理解,也便于学习英语
  •   It can help you learn either English,or the American history!
  •   对阅读方面有特别大的帮助
  •   习惯了自己教科书中的文字与内容,来看看这个吧,多一份了解。
  •   昨晚下单 今天中午就到了 效率超快 主要为了学英语 加油
  •   正点英语。翻译排版也不错。
  •   第二次买了,送儿子同学,赞的
  •   经典小说。。值得一看。。物流很给力
  •   中英文对照,而且还有光盘,很方便
  •   大概翻了一下 好像每个事件的介绍都比较简短 感兴趣的再自己深入了解吧 应该比较系统
  •   很满意 自己翻看看 再送给弟弟看
  •   对于我们来说,很简单,但单词量一定要大!
 

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