清廷十三年

出版时间：2008-10  出版社：外语教学与研究出版社  作者：（意）马国贤（Ripa,M.）　著，（英）普兰迪（Prandi,F.）　译  页数：212  译者：（英）普兰迪（Prandi,F.）  
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前言

　　北京是伟大祖国的首都，是名震中外的历史文化名城。她有着三千多年的建城史和八百多年的定都史，自元朝迄今，北京作为全国的政治、经济、文化中心，积淀了丰厚的历史文化遗存，承载着中华文明的精华，是我国灿烂辉煌的历史文化的伟大象征。在这里，优美秀丽的风景名胜、巍峨厚重的宫殿城阙、布局齐整的街巷胡同、京腔京调的语言文化、五方杂厝的社会习俗，以及源远流长的神话传说，使这座千年古都显得神秘而博大。北京宛若一座盛藏着丰富古董的历史博物馆，堪称东方历史、文化、艺术的璀璨宝库，令人目不暇接、回味无穷。　　自元代以来，世界各地的人们从四方八面来到北京，或旅行游览，或讲经传教，或从事经贸，或供职朝廷，北京开始成为世界人民向往的名都。元代的“汗八里”城即是一座享誉世界的国际性大都市，是中西文化交流的枢纽。元朝时有马可·波罗、孟特·科维诺、热拉德、安德鲁、帕烈格利诺、托马斯、彼得、马黎诺里等西方人士先后来到北京，他们大多将自己的经历写成游记，增进了欧洲人民对遥远的中国的了解。其中意大利人马可·波罗在元大都游历并被任命官职，回国后留下的《马可·波罗游记》详述了大都城的壮丽景象，令西方读者惊羡不已，成为近代西方对外殖民拓展的一大动力。

内容概要

1710年意大利人马国贤来到中国，从此他以天主教虏劳会传教士、康熙皇帝宫廷画师的双重身份，在京师度过了十三年。本书即是马国贤神父对其在清廷供职期间以及往返途中所见所闻的回忆录，具有特殊的文献价值，一直被西方大学里中国课程列为重要参考书。 　　作者的描写为我们提供了“中国礼仪之争”的第一手资料；同时又以西方人的眼光，展示了清初的地貌、民俗、皇帝的宫廷生活等一般史书所没有的细节。全书行文语气淡然，通俗易懂，既是西方汉学奠基之作，也是普通读者了解清初北京风貌、窥探九重宫禁的独特窗口。 图书的适用对象： 　　国际北京学研究者、北京历史爱好者、大学生、英语学习者

作者简介

马国贤(1682―1745)，原名Matteo Ripa，意大利那不勒斯人，天主教传教士，于1710（康熙四十九年）抵达澳门，随后北上京师在宫中供职，成为康熙皇帝的宫廷画师，经常跟随皇帝出行。期间，马国贤受康熙之令将《热河三十六景图》制成铜版画，这也是中国第一套铜版画作品。1723年 (雍正元年)，马国贤离开中国，回到那不勒斯，创立中国学院，是为西方第一个专门培养中国学生的教学机构。此外他还撰写《中国圣会和中国学院创办记事》，此书被节译为英文之后，在西方流传甚广，150年来对西方人看中国有重大且深刻的影响。因此，可以说马国贤在中意乃至中欧文化交流史上起了重要的作用。

书籍目录

CHAPTER ICHAPTER II CHAPTER IIICHAPTER IVCHAPTER VCHAPTER VICHAPTER VIICHAPTER VIII CHAPTER IXCHAPTER X　　CHAPTER XICHAPTER XIICHAPTER XIIICHAPTER XIVCHAPTER XVCHAPTER XVICHAPTER XVII CHAPTER XVIIICHAPTER XIX CHAPTER XXCHAPTER XXICHAPTER XXIICHAPTER XXIII CHAPTER XXIVCHAPTER XXVCHAPTER XXVICHAPTER XXVIICHAPTER XXVIII CONCLUSIONAPPENDIX

章节摘录

　　Peking is composed of two distinct cities，one being called the Tartar city．the other the Chinese．The Tartar city is so named because it is inhabited bv Tartars，and by those who，though not Tartars，are enrolled in the Ki-hiu-ti．or eight bands which constitute the Tartar troops．The Chinese city is inhabited by Chinese alone．It may be proper to observe that the district now called the Tartar city was in former times inhabited by the eunuchs in waiting，who amounted to ten thousand；but under the present dynasty it is inhabited，as I have said，by Tartars and Chinese of the Kihiu-ti．The eunuchs．now about six thousand in number，live entirely wiminthe walls of the palace．The Tartar city is square，and encircled by a yellow wall．It is within this yellow wall that the imperial palace is situated，but it is surrounded again by another wall，more loftly than that of the city， and of vast extent．The inhabitants within amount to a great multitude；for besides the six thousand eunuchs．there is in the seraglio a vast assembly　of women．of whom the Emperor alone knows the number．There is also　within the imperial residence a great number of Tartars who are in the　service of the Emperor’s sons，each of whom has his separate court；so that this palace may be very well considered as a third division，and Peking　described as containing three distinct cities．　　The Tartar city has nine gates．and each side of it is three miles in length．The Chinese city。which is also walled，joins the northern wall， which separates it from the Tartars．It is of the same size，but of a diffe：rent form．being 10nger from east to west than from north to south；and it is　more densely peopled with the middling and 10wer classes than the other　city．In its fcIur sides there are seven gates；and thus Peking has in all　sixteen gates，and outside every gate there is a large suburb．The two cities together are twenty-one miles in circuit，according to a measurement made　by the command of the Emperor．If to the circumference of twenty-one　miles be added the suburbs and environs，which are also very populous， particularly those towards the west，through which nearly the whole　commercial traffic of the Chinese capital passes，some idea may be formed　of the vast size of this city．

用户评论 (总计2条)

•   很珍贵的第一手资料，非常不错。
•   可惜没有中译本，还得自己查字典慢慢看~